Door closer and check.



H. J. WRIGHT.

DOOR CLOSER AND CHECK.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 17, 1914.

Am m1 m 0 han GT m ms m2 a P ,4" Jay 1 W H. J. WRIGHT. DOOR CLOSER AND CHECK.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN.1'I, 1914.

Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

-SHEET 2.

2 SHEETS Mm m v\\\\\\\\\\\ IIFE. a a a hinge on a larger scale. Fig. 4 is a corre- UNITED STATES PATENT orrrou.

HARRY J. WRIGHT, OF BLOOMFIELD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T0 HIMSELF, AN D EDGAR L. SCILLITOE, OF STAPLETON, NEW YORK.

DOOR CLOSER AND CHECK.

Patented oat. 20. 1914.

Application filed January 17, 1914. Serial No. 812,653.

To all u-hom 'tmay concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY J. \Vumrrr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bloomfield, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and, useful Improvement in Door Closers and Checks, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to that class of s ngle-acting door-closers and checks in which the closing and checking mechanism 1s contained in a casing located in the floor or sill beneath the door, and known as floor-hinges.

The main object of the invention is to provide a simple mechanism adapted to serve with either right or left-hand doors without change, and by which the door when swung open to approximately 90 will be closed and checked when released, and when opened to a greater angle will swing automatically to approximately 180 and be checked in approaching the end of such swing.

Another important ob ect is to provide means whereby the degree of opening or angle at which the door will be closed and checked may be varied to permit such opening swing to be more or less than 90 as may .be desired.

The invention consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts by which the above objects are attained, to be hereinafter described and claimed. v

The accom anying drawings form a part of this speci. cation and show the invention as it has been carried out in practice, applied to a right-hand door.

Figure 1 is an elevation of a door equipped with the improved hinge. Fig. 2 is a corresponding plan view, partly in horizontal section. Fig. 3 is a side view of the floor spending plan view with the cover removed. Fig. 5 is a lqigitudinal vertical section taken on the irregular line.5-5 in Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a transverse section, on the line 6-6 in Fig: Ir. Fig.;7' is a similar view taken on the line 7 7 iliIig. 5 Fig. 8 is a similar section, on theline 8-8 in Fig. 5. Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic plan view, corresponding to Fig. 4 but with certain portions omitted, showing the positions assumed by the parts at variouspoints in the arc of the swingof the door. Fig; 10 is an elevation showing the pivot members for the top of the door. Fig. 11 is a plan or face view of the same. Fig. 12 is a plan view of the arm or lever connecting the bottom of the door to the closing mechanism. Fig. 13 is an elevation, partly in vertical section, showing on a larger scale the means employed for varying the angle at which the door will be closed. Fig. 14 is a plan view ofthe same. Fig. 15 is a corresponding side elevation.

Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

A is a. right-hand door, supported by a lever B mortised into its lower edge, and hav ng an offset socket B receiving and resting upon the squared upper end of the vertical shaft C of the closing mechanism.

Mortised in the top of the door is an arm A having an olfset A corresponding to the socket B below and drilled and tapped to receive the screwthreaded end of a pin A? extending loosely through an offset A on a similar arm A let into the lintel above the door. The pin A and shaft C are in vertical almement to serve as hinges, and the several offsets permit the door to close squarely against the door-stops A A and to swing clear of the door-casing when fully opened.

M is a box-like casing containing the closing 'and checking mechanism, set in the floor beneath the door, having a close-fitting flanged cover 1 1 secured thereto by screws, and covered by an ornamental plate M, as usual, similarly secured. The lower endof the shaft C is stepped in a boss M in the bottom of the casing and extends through an opening on in the cover, serving as an upper bearing therefor. Atapered square C at the upper end is received in the socket B of the door-lever, as above described, and

the shaft is partially rotated or oscillated by The slide D is giliaed 13 e'ia'trgl iig 6r,

projection D on the lower portion, recei ved, in a groove ml in thgbottom ,oi the casing, and by the arms D one OllqQiLC-h sideat' the guides M on the m at the end of the casing opposite ,the,

shaft O and entirely separated from the spring; chamber. Itjs sealed bya screwplug N in line Withthe longitudinally dis posed checking cylinder; l\ l opening; firm:

the liquid chamber. and receivingihe'ehec'k ingr t 1 .w r h s --p ids 1flwith th usual valved passagej. p V,

Gr 1s a vertical shaft or the boss M? and prqctinglhrough a stuff,-

ing-box M? in the deck Mf-. 'f Asquared poor- 1 'tion:G: at ,the lower end rec ives a or i zontal arm G connected-by apitrnan G to the pistoniF and 1noves;the ,-latter the spindle. G is partially rotated}, On the up 1 22 211 e Spindle s a: squares? -rece1v1ng agorank Gicarry ng a crank p n Gr con'nlectedby a'longlink H totheplfoi jecting ,ir'pper, end of:v the pin C find-,ziomk municates .riiotion, from the jjshaft o at nei A b y pass m from' the liquid chamber m3, tolthje space behind thepiston F, controlled, by c the. valve 'F permits .liquid to; flow jgogencl o'tthe casing to;,thesp.indle fifxsat the slowly f'rom s'uch; space to the chalnber as' the piston is'iforced toward the 1 closed end ofthe cylinder, and ,ivith the valved passag'e f in the piston, pergnitsesuch liqnidtofioiv freely in the opposite direction c asj u's'ual 40,11 henthe;rnovementofihe piston isireve'rse'dj Thusjconstructed.and arranged, the opening movementfof the door causes the'rollerl l m re he. d d mpre th, spring E,, and at the same time, through the I as link partially to "rotate jthe, spindle Gr,

' and inove its' connected piston, the liquid ton, ,untilg thearms C assu mle a position at" a 1 rigl 1ft angle ;or nearly' so with the ra ejdi the, slide D, in; which position the door will, er i ps d; I li tl m eh s a ri h e-, Ifth'e door then released the'force of the, spring- Elwill return, it' to: the closed condi i 1T thsi e e s m Y-s n 9f th pind e. G g 19 fi s l i t h l ksu lb in movement, 1 but if the door" ;be' js vung j s'till I v farther] in; the openingx direction the; arnis .aicled-.- by thespring and checke "any?assa sinat as;sateen-acte ii i gtl @9 191 ,th sresi i n h firstportion. of the swing is opposed by the" spring and unchecked, the last portion is To position the device for service with a left-hand door, it is necessary only to gving. the arms C past the center lineintothe jposition 'cor'rsponding'but opposite to that ,shown in Fig. 4, and to reverse or turn over fl thel'ever Bandthe uppfjhinge'rnember's A a and A5,; keeping still uppermost" The mechanism wilhthen actin all respects the sarne as before Without'further change? To 'go 7 facilitate theattacliinentflftlidlever Band r f nrembersiA and A? with either iace upper: th ug jl e liquid chambsivm stepp di f qrnost, the screw openin'g's'a and'b are con-n i ,tersunkfroin both sides, andlthe' socket ope'ning 'bf isitapei'ed inwardly fromboth 35 faces'tornatch tothei tapered-square C of pig the 'shaft iyglane race B at the socket end off th'e lev er is designed'to' be placed fiushjvith the'inner edge ofthe door in both positions andjaijds' 'inlocatingthe lever pro-p:- je 1y;;, rhe upper meir' loersA A are similarlyshapedl In order to" initiate quickly the return .movernent o'fithefslide and more particu-*-- larly, toldeterrnine the point in the are de-; scribed thejdoorfand' arIn's C at which" "the: door; will iclbse-whern-eleased or continue its opening movement-under the pressureof the springldll, a transverse cam-plated is 'mounte'd on the faceof theslide next the shaft Cltojfreceivdtlie thrust of the roller ir'npar'ft' it to the slide. This cam- [plate centrallridge o'r elevation J and central ridge by intermediate conclavely ,Qufied portions 3'} il "designedto so controll thejcoinpiiission'ofthe spring as to ofier an approximately equal resistance to the 3 andv'e'lne'ntb'ftlie door'tifl'all points in its swing, and the centralridge J offers a de-" y Y ,te1 n11 nate central'point or position at Which flowing freely through ,the'jlatter'and thej by-pass to.s'1 1pply.the space behind the piefvhen'the'door isreleased the latter will be" ifoiced by tlie 'spiin'g E either to close or to swing farther open, and should be so placed E as to be reachedc'or frid en upon byjthe roller 'yvhenytlie' door is swung to an angle some i ivliati greil-ter"than 90 such as is usually brodlicclby a'pirson passingthrough the atewa Thislocation carries the ridge J to: o e? side of the longitudinal center line" pf thepasing passing through" the-axis of he shaft C,""and -in' posi-tioning th'e hinge 1 for s erv'ice' w'vit'h a 'leftfhand' door it should bfshifte'd to acorrsponding position on the" opposite side su'ch line. To perimit fl25 SllCh' shifting, the cam plate-"J*is inountedr tofb moved"tr'an'sversely of'the casing; and: locked in eithe'r' positioni On th'e face of the I slide D are lugs D D arranged in" pairs and/undercut at an angle on the inner faces' *1 80 to receive dovetailed ways J 4 J 4 on the margins of the cam-plate and permit the latter to slide therein, and the slide is provided with three semicircular vertical grooves j, y' and j on its face adja ent to the cam-plate, which is provided 'i h a centrally located semicircular groove r! matching to either of the other grooves as presented thereto, thus forming a vertical cavity of circular section in which is received a cylindrical pin K serving to lock the camplate and slide iii-position relatively to each other.

\Vhen the central groove j-is locked with the grooved the ridge J is centrally pre sented and the point in the swing of the door at which it will be automatically closed and checked is 90; with the groove j engaged the angle of such openin will be somewhat greater than 90, as preferred for a righthand door, and with the groove 7' engaged the device will be conditioned for an opening swin correspondingly greater than 90 for a left-hand door. To facilitate such changes in position the pin K is Provided with a loop K by which it may be lifted and reinserted by a suitable hook or other implement introduced through an opening at m in the cover M and alug or projection J on the upper face of the cam-plate J offers a convenient-means of moving the latter into the desired position when released, by the application of the same for other implement.

An opening 112, at the other end of the cover M affords access to the spindle G and its startling-box, and the screw-plug N permits the introduction or removal of the piston F with its pit-man G and arm .G and the engagement of the arm with the square G on suchspindle.

The diagram, Fig. 9, shows the positions of the principal parts in various positions of the door, the full lines show the position when the latter is closed, as indicated by the strong dotted radial line L. lVhen the door is swung as shown by the dotted line L the roller C is on the high point of the central ridge J and the piston is fully drawn back in its cylinder ready to check a closing movement or a further opening movement. At L the door is at 180 to the closed position, with the arm G and piston F in the same position as when the door is closed, and at L the door has been swung beyond the 180 as far as permitted by the contact of the roller 0* with the end of the casing.

It is important that the are described by the pin G be greater than that de scribed by the pin C or that the distance between these pins, as determined by the link H, shall be less than the distance between the shaft C and spindle G, or that the angular position of the two cranks thus be safely shipped while fully supplied with liquid withoutdanger of leakage, and in positioning the hinge for service with either a right or left-hand door the checking mechanism requires no change and the liquid chamber need not be opened.

Modifications may be made in the forms and proportions of the parts within wide limits without departing from the invention, and parts may be used without the whole. The cam-plate J may be varied in shape, omitted, or formed in one with the slide D, or other means than that shown may be employed to vary the position of the ridge J. i

I claim 1. In a door-closer and check, a shaft adapted to be connected to the door, a spindle separated from and out of axial alinement with said shaft, means opposing the initial opening of such door, checking mechanism actuated by said spindle, and connections from said shaft to said spindle for imparting motion to the latter.

2. In a door-closer and check, a casing, a shaft mounted therein and adapted to be connected to the door, a spring in said casing acting upon said shaft and opposing the initial opening of such door, a spindle mounted in said casing, separated from and outof axial alinement with said shaft, checking mechanism actuated by the movements-of said spindle, and connections from said shaft to said spindle for imparting motion to the latter.

3. In a door-closer and check, a casing having a spring chamber and a liquid chamber therein, a shaft mounted in said spring chamber and adapted to be connected to the door, a spring in said spring chamber and connections from said spring to said shaft, a spindle in said liquid chamber, separated from and out of axial alinement with said shaft, checking mechanism in said liquid chamber actuated by said spindle, and connections from said shaft to said spindle for imparting motionto the latter.

4. In a door-closer and check, a casing having a spring chamberand a liquid chamber therein, a shaft mounted in said spring chamber at one end of said casing and adapted to be connected to the door, a spring in said spring chamber and connections from said spring to said shaft, :1 spindle in said liquid chamber, mounted at the opposite end 35 swing of such-door beyond suchflpoint,

40 fur-theropeningv movement said pins.

of said casing, checking mechanism in said liquid chamber actuatedby said spindle, an Qnfiaidshaft and a pin carriedthereby, aerank onsaid spindle and apin thereon, and a link pivotally joined at thetends to 5 5. ln ai door closer and check,a casing, af,,sha'f t' 'mounted vertically therein and adapts .,to =be,connected to a door, a slide insa i 1 casing, an arm on said shaft ar ranged tofmolve said slide, a spring in said casingfactingj upon said slide,- a vertical spindle mounted in saidcasing and out of axial al inemen't with isaidshaft, checking mechanismzactuated by said spindle, a crank on. tl1elatter,fand a link connecting said arm and crank.

Ina deviceof character set forth, a-shaftfadapted to beconnected to, a door, aspring :act ngupon said shaft and arranged. toex'ert. its' force in opposition to the :movementlofthedoor, to a point in the rangedto exert its. force.in opposition to.

the movement of said shaft during the openingfmovementlof. the door to a ,point in thearc of the swing of such door, and. to exert its force. toaid the further opening means ,for. varying the. position of such point. in sucharq and a checking mechanism ar-f; ranged to check the movement of the do-or frOmZsuch-L Qint, in .either' the closing ,or;

: '8.,Inal deviceflofl he;character ascasi ng, a, shaft ,-mo:unted therein and adaptedito be connected to'a door, a spin maim in l t si a spr g es.

upon said shaft andLarranged to exert its 7 I said shaft,-.an-arm;onsaid shaftadapted to,

; eitherxlts closingsonfurther opening moveforce in opposition-to the movement of; said shaft during the openingmovement of such: door. to a point in the,. arc .of the swing of. such door an d to exert .its force to .aid the, furtheraopening swing of. such door beyond, such point, and connections from said, shaft to, saidspindle, arranged to move the latter and, it s. ;heoking mechanism to check the monement of the door, from such point in 9. In a device of thecharact er set forth, a casing,-.a shaftmountedtherein and adapted;to1be connected to, a -'door, a slide, a spring opposingthemgovement of said slide from engagesaid slide, and to swingthrouglran are of approximately 180eWith, a corre-', sponding swing of the'door, said; slide and spring arranged to oppose such swing from either end of such arc to anindeterminate point therein, for servi'cezwith'either ari' ht or left-hand door, and a laterally adjusta alecam member on said slide,

10. In a device of-the character set forth, a casing, a shaft mounted therein andadapt-i ed to be connectedto a'd r, a slide, a'spring; opposing the movementfofsaid slide froiri said shaft, an arm onsaidshaft adaptedto;

'engagesaid slide andto-"swing through an; arc of approximately 1180Ywith a corresponding swingof hefdoor, said slide and spring arranged to oppose such swing from either end of such are to an intermediate point therein, means ,fdrlyarying theposi: tionof such point ,ii is uch arc and a checking mechanism arranged to check such swing from such cintermediate point to either end of sfuch arc. f

.1-1. In adevicetofthe character set forth, a casing, a shaft mountedtherein and adapted to be connected to. a door, a slide, a spring, opposing.thejmovement of said slide from said shaft, an a-r'mon said shaftadapt- 'ed to engage said'slideand to swing through an arc of approximately 180 with a corresponding swingwof the door, said slide and -spring arranged toeppose such swing from either end ,of Such arc to an intermediate point therein,, spindle in said casing, a checking mechanism actuated by said 7 spindle, a crankp'n said spindle, a link connecting said am d crank, the latter arranged to be 'swiin by said armto check the movement of such door from said intermediate point .t either end of such arc.

12. In ,adQYiCQ of the character set forth, a. casing, a shaft mounted therein and adapted to he connectel to a door, a slide mountedin wa. s in'sai casin a s rin 0 posin the movdinent' ofsaid slide fi om' said shafg an arm ,on-said shaft carrying a roller adapted tofengage said slide and to swing ithrough an arc of approximately 180 with a iconresponding,swingof the door, said slide and spring arranged to oppose such swing from either end of such are to an intermediate pointtherein, a ridge on said slide dejtermining such intermediate point, and {nigans V for varying the position of such r1 flew, I 3 "11%.,13n' aldevice, of the character set forth, casing, ashaft mounted therein and adapt-. edztobe; connected toa door, a slide in said. casing, av spring vopposing the movement of onzsaid shaft. arranged to engage saidslide, ridge on said slide in the path of'said arm, andqmeans for varying the position of said :ridgemelatively to such arm.

. saidsliderelatively to said shaft, anarm 141,111 afdevice of the character set Y a casing, a shaft mounted therein dadapa ed to beconnected to adoor, a sl de in said 'casing spring, oppos ngthe movement of.

said slide relatively to said shaft, an arm on said shaft arranged to engage said slide, a cam-plate movably mounted on said slide, a ridge on said cam-plate, and means for movin said cam-plate to var the position of said ridge relativel to sai arm.

15. In a device of t 1e character set forth, a casing, a shaft mounted therein and adapted to be connected to a door, a slide in said casing, a spring 0 posing the movement of said slide relativey to said shaft, an arm on said shaft arranged to engage said slide, a cam-plate movably mounted on said slide, a ridge on said cam-plate, means for movin said cam-plate to vary the position of sai ridge relatively t0 sa1d arm, and a locking means enga mg said cam-plate and slide.

16. In a once of the character set forth, a casing, a shaft mounted therein and adapted to be connected to a door, a slide in said casing. a spring opposing the movement of said slide relatively to said shaft, an arm on said shaft arranged to engage said slide,

in s on said slide, a cam-plate mounted in said lugs to slide transversely of said casing, said cam-plate and adjacent face of said slide having grooves adapted to register, and a in engaged in such grooves.

17. n a device of the character set forth, a shaft, 21 door-actuating mechanism connected thereto and arranged for service with ither a ri ht or left-hand door, a tapered square at, theupperend of said shaft, and a reversible lever adapted to be secured to a door, said lever having a socket tapered inwardly from both faces of said lever and adapted to engage such square with either of such faces up )ermost.

In testimony tint I claim the invention above set forth I aflix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

HARRY J. WRIGHT.

Witnesses:

Hanan V. RICE, Cnaamss R. SEARLE.

Copies of this patent my be obtained for an cent: each, by midi-easing the Commissioner or ratents,

Wilmington, D. O." 

